Panduan Lengkap Script MikroTik: Dari Setting Dasar, Manajemen Bandwidth, hingga Hotspot
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Panduan Lengkap Script MikroTik: Dari Setting Dasar, Manajemen Bandwidth, hingga Hotspot

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Pendahuluan

MikroTik adalah salah satu perangkat router yang sangat powerful untuk mengatur jaringan, mulai dari koneksi internet, pembagian bandwidth, hingga sistem hotspot. Artikel ini akan membahas konfigurasi MikroTik dari nol menggunakan CLI (terminal), sehingga cocok untuk pemula maupun yang ingin memahami lebih dalam.

Agar tidak membingungkan, kita mulai dengan asumsi topologi dan IP terlebih dahulu.

1. Asumsi Topologi dan Konfigurasi Awal

Topologi Sederhana

  • ether1 → Internet (WAN dari ISP)
  • ether2 → Jaringan LAN
  • ether3 → Jaringan Hotspot

Asumsi IP Address

  • WAN (ether1) → DHCP dari ISP
  • LAN (ether2) → 192.168.10.1/24
  • HOTSPOT (ether3) → 192.168.20.1/24

DHCP Range

  • LAN → 192.168.10.10 – 192.168.10.100
  • HOTSPOT → 192.168.20.10 – 192.168.20.100

2. Reset dan Persiapan Awal MikroTik

/system reset-configuration no-defaults=yes skip-backup=yes

Login kembali via Winbox/Terminal setelah reboot.

3. Konfigurasi Interface dan IP Address

Rename Interface (biar rapi)

/interface ethernet
set ether1 name=WAN
set ether2 name=LAN
set ether3 name=HOTSPOT

Set IP Address

/ip address
add address=192.168.10.1/24 interface=LAN
add address=192.168.20.1/24 interface=HOTSPOT

4. Setting Internet (WAN DHCP Client)

/ip dhcp-client
add interface=WAN use-peer-dns=yes use-peer-ntp=yes

5. Setting NAT (Agar Bisa Internet)

/ip firewall nat
add chain=srcnat out-interface=WAN action=masquerade

6. Setting DNS

/ip dns
set servers=8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 allow-remote-requests=yes

7. Setting DHCP Server LAN

/ip pool
add name=pool-lan ranges=192.168.10.10-192.168.10.100/ip dhcp-server
add name=dhcp-lan interface=LAN address-pool=pool-lan disabled=no/ip dhcp-server network
add address=192.168.10.0/24 gateway=192.168.10.1 dns-server=192.168.10.1

8. Setting DHCP Server HOTSPOT

/ip pool
add name=pool-hotspot ranges=192.168.20.10-192.168.20.100/ip dhcp-server
add name=dhcp-hotspot interface=HOTSPOT address-pool=pool-hotspot disabled=no/ip dhcp-server network
add address=192.168.20.0/24 gateway=192.168.20.1 dns-server=192.168.20.1

9. Manajemen Bandwidth (Simple Queue)

Contoh Limit per IP (LAN)

/queue simple
add name="User1" target=192.168.10.10 max-limit=2M/2M
add name="User2" target=192.168.10.11 max-limit=3M/3M

Limit per Jaringan (Hotspot)

/queue simple
add name="HOTSPOT-LIMIT" target=192.168.20.0/24 max-limit=5M/5M

10. Manajemen Bandwidth Advanced (PCQ – Fair Usage)

/queue type
add name=pcq-download kind=pcq pcq-rate=2M pcq-classifier=dst-address
add name=pcq-upload kind=pcq pcq-rate=2M pcq-classifier=src-address/queue simple
add name="PCQ-HOTSPOT" target=192.168.20.0/24 queue=pcq-upload/pcq-download

Keuntungan:

  • Bandwidth dibagi rata otomatis
  • Tidak perlu setting satu per satu user

11. Setting Hotspot MikroTik

Setup Hotspot Wizard via CLI

/ip hotspot setup

Ikuti langkah:

  • Interface → HOTSPOT
  • Local Address → 192.168.20.1/24
  • Address Pool → pool-hotspot
  • SSL → none
  • SMTP → 0.0.0.0
  • DNS → 8.8.8.8
  • DNS Name → hotspot.local
  • User → admin
  • Password → bebas

12. Menambahkan User Hotspot

/ip hotspot user
add name=user1 password=123
add name=user2 password=123

13. Limit Bandwidth per User Hotspot

/ip hotspot user profile
add name=paket1 rate-limit=2M/2M/ip hotspot user
add name=user3 password=123 profile=paket1

14. Blokir Akses Situs (Firewall Filter)

/ip firewall filter
add chain=forward content=facebook action=drop

15. Testing

Cek:

  • Internet → ping 8.8.8.8
  • DNS → ping google.com
  • Hotspot → login via browser
  • Bandwidth → cek di Queue

Kesimpulan

Dengan konfigurasi ini, MikroTik Anda sudah memiliki:

  • Koneksi internet aktif
  • Jaringan LAN berjalan
  • Sistem hotspot aktif
  • Manajemen bandwidth (basic & advanced)
  • Kontrol akses jaringan

Konfigurasi ini sudah cukup untuk:

  • Warnet
  • RT/RW Net
  • Kantor kecil
  • Usaha hotspot voucher

Up :

SCRIPT FULL MIKROTIK (ALL-IN-ONE)

⚠️ Catatan sebelum mulai

  • Script ini akan menghapus konfigurasi lama
  • Jalankan via Terminal (Winbox / SSH)
  • Router akan reboot otomatis

1. RESET MIKROTIK

/system reset-configuration no-defaults=yes skip-backup=yes

Setelah reboot, login lagi lalu jalankan script di bawah ini sekaligus.

2. SCRIPT FULL KONFIGURASI

# =========================
# RENAME INTERFACE
# =========================
/interface ethernet
set ether1 name=WAN
set ether2 name=LAN
set ether3 name=HOTSPOT# =========================
# IP ADDRESS
# =========================
/ip address
add address=192.168.10.1/24 interface=LAN
add address=192.168.20.1/24 interface=HOTSPOT# =========================
# DHCP CLIENT (INTERNET)
# =========================
/ip dhcp-client
add interface=WAN use-peer-dns=no add-default-route=yes# =========================
# DNS
# =========================
/ip dns
set servers=8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 allow-remote-requests=yes# =========================
# NAT INTERNET
# =========================
/ip firewall nat
add chain=srcnat out-interface=WAN action=masquerade# =========================
# DHCP SERVER LAN
# =========================
/ip pool
add name=pool-lan ranges=192.168.10.10-192.168.10.100/ip dhcp-server
add name=dhcp-lan interface=LAN address-pool=pool-lan disabled=no/ip dhcp-server network
add address=192.168.10.0/24 gateway=192.168.10.1 dns-server=192.168.10.1# =========================
# DHCP SERVER HOTSPOT
# =========================
/ip pool
add name=pool-hotspot ranges=192.168.20.10-192.168.20.100/ip dhcp-server
add name=dhcp-hotspot interface=HOTSPOT address-pool=pool-hotspot disabled=no/ip dhcp-server network
add address=192.168.20.0/24 gateway=192.168.20.1 dns-server=192.168.20.1# =========================
# BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT (PCQ)
# =========================
/queue type
add name=pcq-download kind=pcq pcq-rate=2M pcq-classifier=dst-address
add name=pcq-upload kind=pcq pcq-rate=2M pcq-classifier=src-address/queue simple
add name="LIMIT-HOTSPOT" target=192.168.20.0/24 queue=pcq-upload/pcq-download# =========================
# HOTSPOT SETUP
# =========================
/ip hotspot profile
add name=hotspot-profile hotspot-address=192.168.20.1 dns-name=hotspot.local/ip hotspot
add name=hotspot1 interface=HOTSPOT address-pool=pool-hotspot profile=hotspot-profile# =========================
# HOTSPOT USER PROFILE (LIMIT)
# =========================
/ip hotspot user profile
add name=paket1 rate-limit=2M/2M
add name=paket2 rate-limit=5M/5M# =========================
# USER HOTSPOT
# =========================
/ip hotspot user
add name=user1 password=123 profile=paket1
add name=user2 password=123 profile=paket2# =========================
# FIREWALL BASIC (OPTIONAL BLOKIR)
# =========================
/ip firewall filter
add chain=forward content=facebook action=drop comment="blok fb (optional)"# =========================
# TIME ZONE
# =========================
/system clock
set time-zone-name=Asia/Jakarta# =========================
# IDENTITY ROUTER
# =========================
/system identity
set name="MIKROTIK-RTR"# =========================
# DONE
# =========================

HASIL AKHIR SETELAH SCRIPT

Setelah script dijalankan, router kamu sudah:

✅ Internet aktif

  • WAN otomatis dari ISP

✅ LAN aktif

  • IP: 192.168.10.1
  • DHCP jalan

✅ Hotspot aktif

  • IP: 192.168.20.1
  • Login:
    • user1 / 123
    • user2 / 123

✅ Bandwidth management

  • Hotspot dibagi rata (PCQ)
  • User bisa dibatasi per paket

CARA TESTING

  1. Colok ke LAN → harus dapat IP
  2. Colok ke HOTSPOT → buka browser
  3. Akan muncul login hotspot
  4. Login pakai:
    • user1 / 123

KELEBIHAN SCRIPT INI

  • Sudah clean (tanpa config bawaan)
  • Sudah include:
    • NAT
    • DHCP
    • DNS
    • Hotspot
    • Limit bandwidth otomatis
  • Cocok untuk:
    • RT/RW Net
    • Warnet
    • WiFi voucher

QnA (SEO Tambahan)

Q: Apakah MikroTik harus pakai Winbox?
A: Tidak, semua bisa via CLI seperti contoh di atas.

Q: Apa bedanya Simple Queue dan PCQ?
A: Simple Queue manual, PCQ otomatis membagi bandwidth.

Q: Kenapa hotspot tidak muncul login?
A: Biasanya DNS atau NAT belum benar.

Q: Berapa minimal RAM MikroTik untuk hotspot?
A: Disarankan minimal 64MB, lebih baik 128MB ke atas.

Panduan Lengkap Setting Dasar MikroTik dari Nol Sampai Terkoneksi Internet (Lengkap, Jelas, dan mudah)
Manajemen Bandwidth MikroTik Lengkap untuk Pemula hingga Mahir (Cara Membagi Internet Agar Stabil dan Anti Lemot)
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